This process also keeps the lead from oxidizing. The molten lead flows from the blast furnace into holding pots. Lead may be mixed with alloys, including antimony, tin, arsenic, copper and nickel. It is then cast into ingots. Lead exposure. Humans have been smelting lead for thousands of years, poisoning themselves in the process.
Secondary smelters can either produce a copper matte (for example Umicore [1,5]), or black copper from metallic and oxidic raw materials, such as electronic scrap [6,7,8].The present study focuses on the different stages of the latter process and illustrates experimental observations on how tin and antimony as trace elements behave in black copper smelting conditions with alumina and potassium ...
Antimonial dust is a by-product of lead smelting and an important material for extracting antimony. A new pyrometallurgical process for producing antimony white from the antimonial dust is reported. The process mainly consists of three steps, which are reduction smelting, alkaline refining, and blowing oxidation. First, the reduction smelting of antimonial dust is carried out in an oxygen-rich ...
Antimony is extracted mainly from ores containing antimony trisulphide in the form of stibnite. Rich ores are first subjected to liquation, whereby the fusible sulphide is removed from the gangue and concentrated. The concentrate is then reduced to metal by smelting with wrought iron in pots, in reverberatory furnaces or sometimes in blast ...
A large amount of solid waste has been produced by the antimony smelting process in the "World Capital of Antimony", Xikuangshan area in China. This study comprehensively investigated the physical and chemical characteristics of the various solid wastes, as well as the leaching behavior of the solid wastes, which included water-quenched ...
4 C.G. Anderson / Chemie der Erde 72 (2012) S4, 3–8 Table 1 Common primary antimony minerals. Horsfordite Cu6Sb Dyscrasite Ag3Sb Stibiodomeykite Cu3(As,Sb) Aurostibite AuSb2 Breithauptite NiSb Breithauptite NiSb Ullmannite NiSbS Gudmundite FeSbS Stibnite Sb2S3 Stibiobismuthine (Bi,Sb)4S7 Tetrahedrite Cu12Sb4S13 Annivite Cu12(Sb,Bi,As)4S13 Freibergite (Cu,Ag)12Sb4S13 Bournonite …
The removal of antimony from antimony dust captured during the direct lead smelting process has been studied by Liu et al. They proposed a pyrometallurgical process based on reduction smelting, alkaline refining, and oxidation to extract antimony from antimony dust and produce Sb 2 O 3 with a purity above 99.8 % .
printer friendly copy. METALLURGY. LIQUATION: Liquation is the melting of stibnite into "crudum" or "needle antimony". It is carried out between 550 and 600 …
process [7] of antimony, most of antimony smelteries in China use traditional volatilization smelting process in blast furnace to volatilize the resultant antimony xide, and then reduce the xide with carbon to metallic antimony in reverberatory furnace. However, this process has its obvious
E. General Discussion on Smelting.—Practically all of the shaft furnaces mentioned for the volatilization process are of the same type, except with minor differences in details as to the form of the grate- bottom and as to size. The ideal ore for treatment in such furnaces is one containing antimony from 15 to 25 per cent.; ore above 40 per cent.
Smelting is a process of applying heat to ore in order to extract a base metal.It is a form of extractive metallurgy.It is used to extract many metals from their ores, including silver, iron, copper, and other base metals.Smelting uses heat and a chemical reducing agent to decompose the ore, driving off other elements as gases or slag and leaving the metal base behind.
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When the smelting process is complete, the charge is poured into a mold. Once the slag is cool, this can be separate from lead and precious metals by using a hammer or any device than can break the slag. The metallic product is named button and have to be processed in the other smelting process called cupellation.
of tin and antimony, both commonly present as trace elements in electrical and electronic waste, in secondary (i.e., sulfur-free) copper smelting conditions. The experiments were conducted in oxygen partial pressure range of 10 10–10 5 atm, covering the different process steps in copper smelting.
US2330307A US434775A US43477542A US2330307A US 2330307 A US2330307 A US 2330307A US 434775 A US434775 A US 434775A US 43477542 A US43477542 A US 43477542A US 2330307 A US2330307 A US 2330307A Authority US United States Prior art keywords crucible xide antimony slag carbon Prior art date Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a …
We aimed to study the characteristics and the mechanism of the cumulative release of antimony at an antimony smelting slag stacking area in southern China. A series of dynamic and static leaching experiments to simulate the effects of rainfall were carried out. The results showed that the release of antimony from smelting slag increased with a decrease in the solid-liquid ratio, and the ...
A typical pyrometallurgical copper smelting process, as illustrated in Figure 12.3-1, includes 4 steps: roasting, smelting, concentrating, and fire refining. Ore concentration is roasted to reduce impurities, including sulfur, antimony, arsenic, and lead. The roasted product, calcine, serves as a dried and heated charge for the smelting furnace.
A large amount of solid waste has been produced by the antimony smelting process in the "World Capital of Antimony", Xikuangshan area in China. This study comprehensively investigated the physical and chemical characteristics of the various solid wastes, as well as the leaching behavior of the solid wastes, which included water-quenched slag ...
the behavior of tin and antimony was experimentally studied in secondary copper smelting conditions. The experimental system was comprised of gas–copper alloy–spinel saturated iron silicate ...
in this area is focused at a smelting reduction process to obtain rough antimony and antimony xide hydro - metallurgical processing [7 - 9]. Antimony concentrate smelting reduction is per-formed in absence or presence of fluxes. The techno-logical parameters effect on the antimony behavior is not considered in the literature.
Smelting Process For Antimony Calcite Deep Processing Plant in Belgium Calcite deep processing production line in Belgium is composed of PE250×400 jaw crusher, electro-vibrating feeder, HXM-1021 micro powder mill, hoister, electrical cabinet, packing machine and pulse dust collector.
Antimony compounds, primarily sodium antimonate, are also used in decolorizing and refining agents for optical glass and CRT glass. In the electronics industry, Sb use grows for diodes. Antimony metal is also used for production of antimonial lead, which is an important product of the secondary lead smelter.
12.6 Primary Lead Smelting 12.6.1 General15 Lead is found naturally as a sulfide ore containing small amounts of copper, iron, zinc, precious metals, and other trace elements. The lead in this ore, typically after being concentrated at or near the mine (see Section 12.18), is processed into metallurgical lead at 4 facilities in the U. S.
The process for treating antimonial lead which comprises softening the lead, reducing and smelting the antimony slag therefrom to metal, removing tin and arsenic from said metal, concentrating same into a high antimony product and euitectic metal, treating the high antimony product in a fuming furnace thereby yielding antimony oxide, an ...
The antimony smelting techniques that have been developed in Xikuangshan are typical of smelters in China. Traditional smelting methods have been improved since the 1940s, but several novel achievements have been introduced in recent years.
11/28/2016· In a typical smelting process, this sulphur would have immediately bonded with oxygen in the air to form sulphur dioxide, the major cause of acid rain. Antimony captures electronic niche markets. What the effect of this discovery will be on the global antimony market is hard to guess.